Остання редакція: 2025-05-28
Анотація
This paper analyzes the key limitations of battery-electric vehicles (BEVs) across both passenger (light-duty) and commercial (heavy-duty) categories. It examines scientific and practical challenges including limited driving range, high battery weight, charging infrastructure inadequacies, critical material supply, and efficiency losses.
Посилання
1. V.V. Zinchenko, “Doslidzhennya kharakterystyk elektrychnykh avtomobiliv” (Study of the characteristics of electric vehicles), Kharkiv, 2019 (in Ukrainian).
2. V.Ye. Olishevska and H.S. Olishevskyi, “Obgruntuvannya ratsional’noho rukhomoho skladu pidpryyemstva v umovakh perekhodu do elektromobiliv” (Substantiating the rational fleet composition in the transition to EVs), Avtoshlyakhovyk Ukrayiny, no. 2, pp. 35–44, 2024 (in Ukrainian).
3. Battery University, “BU-1003: Electric Vehicle (EV),” BatteryUniversity.com, accessed May 2025.
4. The Guardian, “Are electric cars too heavy for roads, bridges and car parks?” Mar. 25, 2024.
5. ResearchGate, “Influence of batteries weight on electric automobile performance,” excerpt of technical data, 2017.
6. I. Rust, “How do we solve the weight problem of EV heavy trucks?” Medium, Jan. 17, 2024.
7. S. Tucker, “Study: EVs Lose Range to Hauling, More Than Gas Trucks,” Kelley Blue Book, June 6, 2023.
8. American Trucking Associations, “A heavy dose of reality for electric-truck mandates,” ATA Press Release, 2023.
9. Pod Point, “The Benefits of Driving Electric Cars – Energy Efficiency,” Pod-Point.com, Nov. 21, 2024. 10. International Energy Agency, Global EV Outlook 2023 – Trends in batteries, IEA, Paris, 2023.
11. P. Hockenos, “How Russia’s War Is Putting Green Tech Progress in Jeopardy,” Yale Environment 360, Jun. 16, 2022.
12. S&P Global Mobility, “The Evolution of Electric Vehicle Battery Technology,” Nov. 20