This article deeply studies the operation and service management of Chinese enterprises, and based on the analysis of the challenges and opportunities they face, proposes improvement strategies and innovative paths. Chinese enterprises operate in a complex and ever-changing market environment, facing issues such as incomplete management systems, talent shortages and financial pressures, uneven levels of basic management and information technology, and intense market competition in terms of operation and service management. By elaborating on the theories of enterprise operation management and service management, analyzing the current situation and challenges, and using excellent enterprise cases as reference, proposing innovative paths such as establishing a sound management system, strengthening talent team building, exploring the application of intelligent technology, and promoting green environmental protection and sustainable development. Chinese enterprises need to continuously improve their operational and service management levels, actively respond to challenges, seize opportunities, and achieve sustainable development.